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Observation of the lexical level of Polish in the subsequent periods in its history reveals that the set of foreign verbal prefixes once contained more units (e.g. arcy-, -kontr-, post-, pre- and sub-) than just the de(z)- and re- that works in contemporary Polish word-formation report. A considerable part of verbal loan words in Polish has acquired, as a result of different sorts of reinterpretation...
The article presents a build-up schedule for two types of dictionaries of Polish loan words in Lithuanian, which are going to be prepared in the Institute of the Lithuanian Language (Vilnius). The first type is designed for populace needs. Given the specificity of its intended use, its structure will be just a rudimentary one. The other type is going to be a scholarly lexicon, designated for academics...
“Rocznik Orientalistyczny” was founded in 1914 from the initiative of Jan Grzegorzewski. Invited to contribute to the enterprise were prominent Polish and Russian orientalists. The outbreak of World War I significantly hindered the work on the first volume as financial problems combined with communication difficulties between the editing board and the authors. At the same time, an internal conflict...
The nouns kwestia ‘issue’ and dyskurs ‘discourse’ belong to the group of Latin loan words and appeared in Polish in the 16th c. An analysis of the typographic shape of 16th c. texts has shown that both words, being assimilated and grammaticaly adapted units, have been recorded in Schwabacher, i.e. the font of the national language, Polish. In the 16th c., the idea emerged of splitting Latin loan words...
The much discussed Altaic Theory is presented concisely in this article, starting from the work of Strahlenberg and Ramstedt. This author distinguishes – apart from Strahlenberg’s first, partially naïve observations – three evolutionary phases: (1) the dawn and progress of Altaistic studies: from the beginning of the 20th century till 1962 [Clauson’s opposition]; (2) the prevalence of anti-Altaicists:...
The paper investigates linguistically attested collocations of the word miód ‘honey’. It is based on lexical data collected from etymological dictionaries of the Slavic languages, historical and contemporary dictionaries of Polish, works on dialects and folk texts. Thus excerpted material becomes the basis of a description of the cultural function of honey among the Slavs from the earliest times to...
The paper examines the word syc, which in its primary meaning denotes a mean, stingy person. A member of the group of expressive designations for people, this lexical unit can be found in the speech of the inhabitants of south-eastern Poland. It is unknown to standard Polish; contemporary dictionaries do not contain a similar entry, but its presence in the language is confirmed by historical sources...
The term used in the title has not, so far, provoked a more extensive linguistic reflection. The present paper aims to provide a disciplined description of lexical units which contain the segment oszaleć, with respect to their structure and meaning. The method of analysis is based on putting forward hypotheses formulated as analytic implications, and then subjecting them to falsification by reduction...
The article investigates the status of the word się ‘self’ in the grammatical system of contemporary Polish. Functioning in two separate syntactic positions, the word is an example of grammatical homonymy: it can be a semantically complete (autosemantic) unit – a reflexive pronoun, and at the same time a semantically incomplete (synsemantic) unit, a function word – or, a discontinuous morpheme. The...
The present text contains an edition of W. Kotwicz’s unpublished 1938 article Rzut oka na losy orjentalistyki w Polsce (‘A glance at the history of Oriental studies in Poland’) in its possibly latest version, enhanced with sectioning, an index and an inventory of working materials preserved in the Archive of Science of Polish Academy of Sciences and Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences in Cracow. The...
In 1906 Prof. Kazimierz Nitsch conducted a dialectological research in the Warmia-Masuria region, which was not only important for his own description of Polish dialects, but also for the Poles who inhabited the area – at that time East Prussia, a province of the German Empire. In the fiftieth anniversary of the event, a formal meeting was organized with the scholar in Olsztyn, the main part of which...
The present text investigates the history of Polish legal vocabulary. The starting point, for the third time, is the state attested in Bartłomiej Groicki’s (1519–1605) Słowa prawne w rzeczy sobie podobne. This time, the field of document names is examined and discussed against a wide temporal background. The field is characterized by rich synonymy as it evolved constantly, together with the development...
The paper investigates the history of two words which many authors have regarded as polysemes: OPol. bantować ‘to punish (with exile)’ (attested four times in decrees of punishment, from 1475 to 1500, and there is one attestation from 1519 the meaning of which remains, however, uncertain) and MPol. ~ Pol. dial. bantować which, generally speaking, means ‘to torment’ (attested since 1614). Interpreted...
The proverbs analyzed in the present paper are a linguistic testimony of the cultural rôle played by attire in the old Polish society. Documented in dictionaries and often containing archaisms, these proverbs reveal how specific elements of clothing were perceived as signals of social and material status of their owners. Particularly distinct is the image of expensive leather clothing which was used...
The article investigates the names of ancient gods featuring in Stanisław Wyspiański’s plays, which are treated here as examples of quasi-personal nouns. The first part of the paper introduces the theoretical research assumptions which were taken to examine the meaning of words used in artistic language. Special reference is made to A. Okopień-Sławińska’s semantic concepts and J. Bartmiński’s model...
The article is based on the text of the first, 1949 edition of the Polish translation of Piotr Crescentius’ Księgi o gospodarstwie ‘Books on husbandry’. It analyzes two phenomena which reveal certain interesting details of the work of a 16th c. typesetter: distribution of the letter h is limited to marking the phoneme /x/, and the longer variant of the abo ~ albo ‘or’ alternation is restricted in...
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